python库email实现数据库自动备份

为了实现笔记网站的数据备份，使用了zmail进行定期备份。
主要为 
## 逻辑
本文示例，需要备份的是笔记数据库和对应的media目录下的图片文件。
```mermaid
graph LR
    A1[(数据库目录)] --压缩--> B(tar.gz文件) ==zmail发送==> 126邮箱
    A2[/media目录/] --压缩--> B
```
## 脚本定期执行

![](/media/202212/2022-12-05_154752&wCJo0gz5ZXabic2BSt7A.png)
> w注意python路径，可能会有依赖包为安装，可以先测试好。

## !废话不多说了，直接上效果图

![](/media/202212/2022-12-05_162746&p4No8yCd5YhvKaDgGtxk.png)

## !又废话了，直接上代码
## 脚本及配置文件
### config.conf
```shell
[basic]
server = smtp.qq.com
port = 25
inbox = 1623470@qq.com
inbox_auth_code = xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
addresser = huQ
#outbox = aaa1@qq.com,aaa2@qq.com
outbox = test@126.com
#addressee = aaa1,aaa2
addressee = hu26
theme = mrdoc备份

[content]
body = content.htm
format = plain
back_path = /www/wwwroot/mrdocWB
attachment1 = /path/to/file
```
### send_email_cmdConfig.py
```python
# coding=UTF-8

import datetime
import email.mime.multipart
import email.mime.text
import os, sys
import random
import smtplib, zmail
import time
from email.header import Header  # 处理邮件主题
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import formataddr, parseaddr  # 用于构造特定格式的收发邮件地址

import prettytable as pt

now_time = datetime.datetime.strftime(datetime.datetime.now(), '%Y%m%d-%H%M%S')
#print(now_time)
#now_path = os.path.abspath(os.curdir)
now_path = os.path.split(os.path.abspath(__file__))[0]
print(now_path)

def print_tool_info():
    tb = pt.PrettyTable()
    tb.field_names = ['名称', '邮件批量定制发送工具']
    tb.add_row(['更新时间', '2022-10-26'])
    tb.add_row(['版本号', 'v1.1'])
    print(tb)

def __format_addr(s):
    name, addr = parseaddr(s)
    return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))

def load_info():
    from configparser import ConfigParser
    filepath = ''
    if filepath:
        configpath = filepath
    else:
        fileA = 'config.conf' if os.name == 'posix' else 'config.ini'
        configpath = os.path.join(now_path, fileA)
    if configpath and os.path.exists(configpath):
        cf = ConfigParser()
        cf.read(configpath)
    else:
        o = '{} is empty or not exists.'.format(configpath)
        print(o)
        sys.exit()
    
    print('邮箱配置加载成功')
    return cf
    sys.exit()

def send_email_stmplib(email_config):
    # for smtplib use
    msg = email.mime.multipart.MIMEMultipart()
    msg['from'] = __format_addr('{}<{}>'.format(email_config[4],email_config[0]))
    msg['to'] = __format_addr('{}<{}>'.format(email_config[5],email_config[2]))
    msg['subject'] = email_config[3]
    if email_config[7]=='plain':
        txt = email.mime.text.MIMEText(email_config[6], email_config[7], 'utf-8')
    elif email_config[7]=='html':
        f1 = open(email_config[6], 'r', encoding="utf-8")
        content = f1.read() 
        f1.close() 
        txt = email.mime.text.MIMEText(content, email_config[7], 'utf-8')  # plain or html
    msg.attach(txt)

path_list=email_config[8:14]
    path_list=[p for p in path_list if p !='']

for path in path_list:
        part = MIMEApplication(open(path, 'rb').read())
        part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment',filename=path.split('\\')[-1])
        msg.attach(part)

smtp.login(email_config[0], email_config[1])
    smtp.sendmail(email_config[0], email_config[2], str(msg))

def send_email_zmail(econf, now_time):
    #for zmail use
    server = zmail.server(econf.get("basic", "inbox"), econf.get("basic", "inbox_auth_code"))

bkfile = backupCmd(econf.get("content", "back_path"), now_time)
    # bkfile.append("/www/wwwroot/mrdocWB_data.20221205.tar.gz") # error 552, too large
    mail = {
        'subject': econf.get("basic", "theme"),  # Anything you want.
        'attachments': bkfile,  # Absolute path will be better, and bkfile can be a array.
    }

html = False
    if html:
        with open('example.html','r') as f:
            content_html = f.read()
            mail["content_html"] = content_html
    else:
        mail['content_text'] = 'Backup data from mrdoc by zmail!'

outbox = [i.strip() for i in econf.get("basic", "outbox").split(",")]
    addressee = [i.strip() for i in econf.get("basic", "addressee").split(",")]
    for i in range(len(outbox)):
        if not outbox[i]: continue
        server.send_mail((addressee[i], outbox[i]), mail)
        print('邮件发送进度：{}/{}  {}<{}>已发送成功'.format(i+1,len(outbox), addressee[i], outbox[i]))
        time.sleep(2)

for i in bkfile:
        os.remove(i)
    print('发送完成，关闭邮箱服务器')

def backupCmd(path1, now_time):
    now_path = os.getcwd()
    if not os.path.exists(path1):
        print("[ERROR] path {} not exists.".format(path1))
        sys.exit()
    os.chdir(path1)
    outfile = os.path.join(now_path, "mrdocWB.{}.tar.gz".format(now_time))
    cmd = "tar cvzf {} ./config media/{} && echo finished || echo Failed".format(outfile, now_time[:6])
    dd = os.popen(cmd)
    print("[INFO]", dd.read())
    #filepath = os.path.join(path1, outfile)
    if os.path.getsize(outfile):
        return [outfile]
    else:
        print("[ERROR] Empty file {} from cmd".format(outfile))
        sys.exit()
    
if __name__ == "__main__":
    print_tool_info()
    econf = load_info()
    ########## Zmail ##############
    send_email_zmail(econf, now_time)
    sys.exit()
    
    ########## SMTPlib ############
    print('Try connecting server')
    smtp = zmail.server(econf.get("basic", "inbox"), econf.get("basic", "inbox_auth_code"))
    print("Pop3: ", smtp.pop_able(), " SMTP:",  smtp.smtp_able())
    print('==================')
    
    outbox = econf.get("basic", "outbox").split(",")
    i = 0
    for o in outbox:
        o = o.strip()
        i += 1
        if o:
            
            
            email_config = [
                econf.get("basic", "inbox"), 
                econf.get("basic", "inbox_auth_code"), 
                econf.get("basic", "outbox"), 
                econf.get("basic", "theme"), 
                econf.get("basic", "addresser"), 
                econf.get("basic", "addressee"), 
                econf.get("content", "body"), 
                econf.get("content", "format")
            ]
            
            print(now_time, now_time[:6], now_path)
            os.chdir("..")
            print(os.getcwd())
            backupCmd(econf.get("content", "back_path"))
            sys.exit()
            
            send_email_stmplib(email_config)
            a = round(random.uniform(1, 2), 2)
            time.sleep(a)
            print('邮件发送进度：{}/{}  {}<{}>已发送成功'.format(i+1,len(outbox),email_config[5],email_config[2]))
            content = '【发送正常】 '+ str(email_config[5]) +' + '+ str(email_config[2]) 
            log_path = now_path+r'\log\log-{} .txt'.format(now_time)
            f3 = open(log_path,'a') 
            f3.write(content+ '\n')
            f3.close
        else: # Exception as err:
            content = '【出现错误】 '+ str(email_config[5]) +' + '+ str(email_config[2]) +' + '+ str(err)
            print(content)
            log_path = now_path+r'\log\log-{}.txt'.format(now_time)
            f3 = open(log_path,'a') 
            f3.write(content+ '\n')
            f3.close
    smtp.quit()
    print('发送完成，关闭邮箱服务器')
    time.sleep(2)
```